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Memorial Day

2019

Have a safe Memorial Day Weekend

"A Brotherhood Forged In Combat"

Fort Snelling National Cemetery

Fort Snelling National Cemetery

Fort Snelling National Cemetery

2016

Lance Corporal Thomas C Henry

Bill Lee May 30th, 2016

On this Memorial Day weekend I want to honor all the Men and Women that lost their lives for our country. I especially want to honor the five good friends I served with among the 17,817 that died during my Vietnam tour of duty. My friends included Gregory H. Stancil, Charles T. White, James L. Jako, Michael F. Fanning, and a special shout out to my friend Thomas Carmen Henry, who gave his life on March 29th 1968 while we were both with Mike Company 3/5. Here is a photo of Tom. Please remember him, and the sacrifice his family made for us. A special thanks to Tom's wife, Sandra Jean Henry-Lowell, daughter Cinnamon Couch, and his sister Sandy Henry Lowe.

REMEMBRANCES

Final Mission of LCPL Thomas C. Henry

Lance Corporal Thomas C Henry

There is a personal account for this incident by Jerry Lomax, 3rd Bn/5th Marines, M Co.: “On March 29, 1968, Mike Company crossed a small river in Thua Thien Province while on patrol. Normally, the first thing I do is go to the nearest water hole if I know one is around. I remember I was so tired that I just plopped down. A couple of minutes later, I heard a loud explosion just a few yards from where I was. A command detonated claymore aimed near the water spring had been activated. It came from a gook on the hill overlooking the water. One of the closest friends I had at that time was PFC Terry C. Smith from North Carolina. He had just taken two pictures a couple of minutes before and then went to the water hole with some other guys. The claymore killed three (PFC Smith, PFC Nathaniel Willingham, and LCPL Thomas C. Henry) and wounded three others. It took me a bunch of days to get over what I saw at that water hole. I will never forget. It's the first memory that I have when I look at the two pictures that Terry took just before it happened.”

You Will Never Be Forgotten

Tommy, my only brother, you didn't have to die to be my hero, you were "always" my hero looking out for me and protecting me. You have been gone so long and yet not a day goes by that I don't think of you and Thank God I was blessed with you in my life. I look at your daughter and see so much of you that at times it brings tears to my eyes. I know you are walking with Mom now, looking down on us, I will be so happy when I see you again. i love. miss, and respect you more than words can say. I remember you always called me "little bit". Someone called me that , one time, years ago and it gave me chills, then I looked up to Heaven and smiled.

To Honor Tom

Posted on 2/11/03 - by Bill Lee (763) 427-9844 lee9844@msn.com

I remember Tom very well. I was there the day he was killed. We were taking turns walking point with a mine detector because the area we were in had so many mines. I had complained to the skipper, and was replaced by Tom just moments before he and the first squad walked into a command detonated explosive devise that took his life. I have thought of that moment many times over the years. At 19, I felt numb to the whole thing. As time went on however, I felt as if I played a part in his death. Tom and I had so much in common. We were both 19, newly married, and expecting our first children. I will never forget him. Added Feb 12, 2002. I had the honor of being a name reader at the 20th anniversary of "The Wall" and I read Tom's name.

Thanksgiving 2010

Posted on 11/23/10 - by Bill Lee lee9844@msn.com

Tom,

Thursday will be my 42nd Thanksgiving since the war. I am so sorry that you haven't been around to enjoy them. You would have been 62 years old now, just like me. I have never forgotten you, and pray for you and your family often.

Semper Fi Brother.

Remembering Love

Posted on 5/27/08 - by Sandra Jean Henry-Lowell grams@bignet.net

40 years have come and gone since you were taken, Oh Love, we were so young. Our love grows always within my heart through Cinnamon.

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We Remember

Memorial Day 2012 ~ Memorial Park ~ Quantico, Virginia

Pfc Ralph H. Johnson

Medal of Honor. Pfc Ralph Johnson, a member of Texas Pete, a 15 man reconnaissance team ,was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions on Hill 146, Quan Duc, Vietnam. Pfc Johnson is buried in the Beaufort National Cemetery, South Carolina.

August 2014

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Mexican War of Independence
The War of 1812
The Creek War (1813–1814)
The Seminole Wars
The Black Hawk War
Texas War of Independence
The Second Seminole War
The Rebellions of 1837
The Dakota War of 1862
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Mexican War of Independence

The Black Hawk War

Revolutionary War 1775-83

Civil War (1861-1865)

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HALF A WORLD AWAY

WE VOW, NEVER TO FORGET
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Memorial Day is observed on the last Monday of May. It was formally known as Decoration Day and commemorates all men and women, who have died in military service for the United States. Many people visit cemeteries and memorials on Memorial Day and it is traditionally seen as the start of the summer season.

Memorial Day in United States

What do people do?

It is traditional to fly the flag of the United States at half mast from dawn until noon. Many people visit cemeteries and memorials, particularly to honor those who have died in military service. Many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries. Memorial Day is combined with Jefferson Davis' Birthday in Mississippi.

Memorial Day has become less of an occasion of remembrance. Many people choose to hold picnics, sports events and family gatherings on this weekend. This day is traditionally seen as the start of the summer season for cultural events. For the fashion conscious, it is seen as acceptable to wear white clothing, particularly shoes from Memorial Day until Labor Day. However, fewer and fewer people follow this rule and many wear white clothing throughout the year.

Public life

Memorial Day is a federal holiday. All non-essential Government offices are closed, as are schools, businesses and other organizations. Most public transit systems do not run on their regular schedule. Many people see Memorial Day weekend as an opportunity to go on a short vacation or visit family or friends. This can cause some congestion on highways and at airports.

Background

Memorial Day started as an event to honor Union soldiers, who had died during the American Civil War. It was inspired by the way people in the Southern states honored their dead. After World War I, it was extended to include all men and women, who died in any war or military action.

Memorial Day was originally known as Decoration Day. The current name for this day did not come into use until after World War II. Decoration Day and then Memorial Day used to be held on May 30, regardless of the day of the week, on which it fell. In 1968, the Uniform Holidays Bill was passed as part of a move to use federal holidays to create three-day weekends. This meant that that, from 1971, Memorial Day holiday has been officially observed on the last Monday in May. However, it took a longer period for all American states to recognize the new date.

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Memorial Day Observances

Weekday	Date	Year	Name	Holiday Type
Mon	May 28	2012	Memorial Day	National holiday
Mon	May 27	2013	Memorial Day	National holiday
Mon	May 26	2014	Memorial Day	National holiday
Mon Mon	May 25 May 30	2015 2016	Memorial Day Memorial Day	National holiday National holiday

List of wars involving the United States

War or conflict's name(s)	Campaign or Theater	Opponent(s)	Time	Conclusion(s)
American Revolutionary War or American War of Independence		Great Britain Loyalist Iroquois Cherokee	September 1, 1774 – September 3, 1783	Treaty of Paris Britain recognizes independence of the United States
	Boston Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain	September 1, 1774–March 17, 1776	Colonial victory, British forces driven from Boston area
	Naval operations in the American Revolutionary War *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain	1775–1783	Treaty of Paris
	Canadian Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Canadian Militia	June 1775–October 1776	Defeat of Colonial invasion; British counter-offensive
	New York and New Jersey Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Hesse-Kassel Waldeck-Pyrmont	July 1776 – March 1777	New York: British gain control of New York City, British victory New Jersey: Americans lose and then regain control of New Jersey, American victory
	Saratoga Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Brunswick-Lüneburg Hesse-Hanau Iroquois Confederation (except Oneidas)	June 14, 1777–October 17, 1777	Decisive American victory: Surrender of a British army Entry of France into the war
	Philadelphia Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Hesse-Kassel Ansbach-Bayreuth	1777–1778	British occupation then evacuation of Philadelphia
	Western Theater *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	American Indians Great Britain	1775–1782	Military stalemate, U.S. diplomatic victory; Spanish Louisiana successfully defended
	Chickamauga Wars (1776–1794) *Part of the American Revolutionary War* *Part of the American Indian Wars*	American Indians Great Britain Cherokee Shawnee Ojibway Creek Chickamauga Miami Mingo Kickapoo Lenape Mascouten Potawatomi Sauk Wyandot	1776–1794	Decisive American victory; U.S. diplomatic victory, American rights in Treaty of Parissuccessfully defended Britain recognizes independence of the United States and cedes forts and influence in Indian territory.
	Northern Theater *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain	1778–1782	???
	Southern Theatre *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain	1775–1782	Decisive Franco/American victory Surrender of British army at Yorktown
	Gulf Coast campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Choctaw Creek	1779–1782	Decisive Spanish/American victory
	Yorktown Campaign *Part of the American Revolutionary War*	Great Britain Ansbach-Bayreuth Hesse-Kassel	January – October, 1781	Decisive Franco/American victory
Northwest Indian War or Little Turtle's War or Miami Campaign		Western Confederacy Canadian Militia	1785–1795	U.S. victory, Treaty of Greenville
Quasi-War or Franco-American War or Half War		French Republic	1798–1800	Indecisive United States Victory; end of French privateer attacks on U.S. shipping; U.S. neutrality and renunciation of claims against France
First Barbary War or Barbary Coast War or Tripolitan War		Vilayet of Tripoli Morocco	1801–1805	American victory, peace treaty
Tecumseh's War or Tecumseh's Rebellion		Tecumseh's Confederacy	August - November 1811	American victory, peace treaty
War of 1812 or Second War of Independence		British Empire Shawnee Red Sticks Ojibway Chickamauga Meskwaki Iroquois Miami Mingo Odawa Kickapoo Lenape Mascouten Potawatomi Sauk Wyandot	June 18, 1812 – March 23, 1815	Treaty of Ghent Status quo ante bellum
	Atlantic Theatre *Part of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1812–1815	British blockade of America; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Chesapeake Campaign *Part of the Atlantic Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1813–1814	Inconclusive; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Great Lakes and Western Theatre *Part of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1812–1815	American control of Lake Erie, British control of remaining four lake; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Canadian Campaign *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1812–1813	Decisive American defeat; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	American Northwest Campaign *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1813	Inconclusive; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Niagara Frontier Campaign *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1813–1814	American invasion force defeated; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	St. Lawrence and Lower Canada Campaign *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1813–1814	American invasion force defeated; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Niagara and Plattsburgh Campaigns *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1814	Inconclusive, Americans regain control of Lake Champlain; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	American West Campaign *Part of the Great Lakes and Western Theatre of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1813–1814	Inconclusive, British maintain control of Fort Mackinac; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Southern Theatre *Part of the War of 1812*	British Empire	1814–1815	Decisive American victory; Treaty of Ghent; Status quo ante bellum
	Creek War *Part of the Southern Theatre of the War of 1812*	Red Stick Creek	1813–1814	U.S./Allied Native American victory
Second Barbary War or Algerian War		Algiers	1815	American victory
First Seminole War		Seminole Spanish Florida	November 22, 1817 - April 12, 1818	American victory
West Indies Anti-Piracy Operations		Caribbean Pirates	1817–1825	United States victory
African Anti-Slavery Operations		African Slave Traders	1819–1861	Atlantic slave trade suppressed by 1865
Callao Affair		Spain	November 5–6, 1820	Spanish vow to punish those responsible for attacks on American shipping.
Arikara War		Arikara	1823	The Arikara eventually settled with the Mandan and Hidatsa on the Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota
Aegean Anti-Piracy Operations		Greek Pirates	1825–1828	United States victory
Winnebago War or Le Fèvre Indian War		Prairie La Crosse Ho-Chunks, with a few allies	1827	U.S. victory; Ho-Chunks cede lead mining region to the U.S.
Black Hawk War or Black Hawk Campaign		Black Hawk's British Band, with Ho-Chunk and Potawatomi allies	May–August 1832	United States victory
First Sumatran Expedition		Chiefdom of Kuala Batee	February 6 – 9, 1832	United States victory
United States Exploring Expedition		Fiji Samoa Tabiteuea	1838–1842	Successful expedition, victory in battle against aborigionals
Second Seminole War or Florida War		Seminole	December 23, 1835 – August 14, 1842	3,800 Seminoles transported to Indian Territory, 300 left in Everglades
Second Sumatran Expedition		Chiefdom of Quallah Battoo	December 1838 – January 1839	United States victory, Malays agree to cease attacks on American vessels
Capture of Monterey		Mexico	October 19–20, 1842	United States captures Monterey
Battle of Kororareka		Māori	March 11, 1845	Successful British and American rescue operations
Mexican–American War or Mexican War		Mexico	April 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848	Decisive United States victory: Republic of Texasunited with the United States End of all conflict between Texas and Mexico All claims by Texas recognized by Mexico Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexican Cession
	Texas Campaign *Part of the Mexican-American War*	Mexico	1846	Decisive US victory: All Mexican forces pushed out of State of Texas, Mexican bandits suppressed
	Conquest of California *Part of the Mexican-American War*	Mexico	1846–1847	Decisive US victory: Declaration of Independence of California and establishment of the Republic of California Republic of California united with the United States All Mexican forces defeated or surrendered to US Indian tribal nations recognize US suzerainty Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
	New Mexico and Arizona Campaign *Part of the Mexican-American War*	Mexico	1846–1847	Decisive US victory: All Mexican forces pushed out of region Territory annexed to the US Indian tribal nations recognize US suzerainty Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
	Pacific Coast Campaign *Part of the Mexican-American War*	Mexico	1847–1848	Decisive US victory Indian tribal nations recognize US suzerainty
	Mexico City Campaign *Part of the Mexican-American War*	Mexico	1847	Decisive US victory Mexican Cessation Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Navajo Wars		Navajo	1858–1866	United States victory, Long Walk of the Navajo
Cayuse War		Cayuse	1847–1855	United States victory
Pitt River Expedition		Tolowa Nomlaki Chimariko Wintun	April 28 - September 13, 1850	???
Apache Wars		Apache Ute Yavapai	1851–1900	Decisive American victory, Apaches moved to reservations
Bombardment of San Juan del Norte or Bombardment of Greytown		Nicaragua	July 13, 1854	U.S. victory, town severely damaged
Battle of Ty-ho Bay		Chinese Pirates	August 4, 1855	Anglo-American victory
First Fiji Expedition		Fiji	October 1855	United States victory in battle, objective failed
Yakima War		Yakama	1855–1858	American victory, peace treaty
Rogue River Wars		Rogue River people	1855–1856	Indians relocated to Siletz, Grand Ronde, and Coast Reservations
Puget Sound War		Nisqually Muckleshoot Puyallup Klickitat Haida and Tlingit	1855–1856	Indians relocated to Siletz, Grand Ronde, and Coast Reservations.
Third Seminole War or Billy Bowlegs War		Seminole	1855–1858	U.S. victory
Second Opium War or Second Anglo-Chinese War or Second China War		Qing Dynasty	1856–1859	Treaty of Tianjin June 18, 1858
Second Fiji Expedition		Fiji	6–16 October 1858	United States victory
Paraguay Expedition		Paraguay	1859	Paraguay extended an apology to the United States, indemnified the family of the slain Water Witch crewman, and granted the United States a new and highly advantageous commercial treaty
Reform War		Conservatives	March 6, 1860	United States victory
Paiute War or Paiute Indian War or Pyramid Lake War		Paiute Bannock Shoshone	1860	United States victory
American Civil War or War Between the States		Confederate States of America	April 12, 1861 – April 9, 1865	Unionvictory: Territorial integrityof the United States of America preserved Slavery abolished Secessionist States of the Confederate States of America Re-Admitted to the Union
	Eastern Theater *Part of the American Civil War*	Confederate States of America	1861–1865	Union victory
	Western Theater *Part of the American Civil War*	Confederate States of America	1861–1865	Union victory
	Lower Seaboard Theater *Part of the American Civil War*	Confederate States of America	1862–1865	Union victory
	Trans-Mississippi Theater *Part of the American Civil War*	Confederate States of America	1862–1865	Union victory
	Pacific Coast Theater *Part of the American Civil War*	Confederate States of America	1862–1865	Union victory
Dakota War of 1862 or Sioux Uprising or Sioux Outbreak of 1862		Dakota Sioux	August 17 – December 26, 1862	United States victory
Bombardment of Qui Nhơn or Cochinchina Campaign		Nguyen Dynasty	July 31, 1861	United States victory, fort silenced
Colorado War		Cheyenne Arapaho	1863–1865	United States victory
Battles for Shimonoseki		Chōshū Domain	July 20, 1863 - September 6, 1864	Decisive Allied victory
Powder River Expedition or Connor Expedition		Sioux Cheyenne Arapaho	1865	U.S. victory; raids along Bozeman trail stopped
Snake War		Paiute Bannock Shoshone	1864–1868	U.S. victory
Red Cloud's War or Bozeman War or Powder River War		Lakota Cheyenne Arapaho	1866–1868	United States victory: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) Lakota people confined to reservations in the Bozeman Trail and in Fort Laramie The Lakota and Northern Cheyenne territory made into reservations but part of the United States
Formosa Expedition or Taiwan Expedition of 1867		Paiwan	June 1867	United States objectives failed
Comanche Campaign or Comanche War		Cheyenne Arapaho Comanche Kiowa	1867–1875	United States victory
Battle of Boca Teacapan		Mexican Pirates	June 17, 1870	United States victory
Korean Expedition or Shinmiyangyo		Joseon Dynasty	June 1, 1871 - July 3, 1871	United States military victory, United States diplomatic failure; Korean-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce
Modoc War or Modoc Campaign or Lava Beds War		Modoc	July 6, 1872 – June 4, 1873	United States victory
Oahu Expedition		Emmaites	February 12, 1874	American and British forces quell riot.
Red River War		Cheyenne Arapaho Comanche Kiowa	June 27, 1874 - June 1875	United States victory; end to the Texas-Indian Wars
Black Hills War or Great Sioux War of 1876–77 or Little Big Horn Campaign		Lakota Northern Cheyenne Arapaho	1876–1877	United States victory
Nez Perce War or Nez Perce Campaign		Nez Perce	1877	United States victory
Bannock War or Bannock Campaign		Bannock Shoshone	1878	United States victory
Cheyenne War or Cheyenne Campaign		Cheyenne	1878–1879	United States victory
Sheepeater Indian War		Shoshone	1879	United States victory
White River War or Ute War or Ute Campaign		Ute	1879–1880	United States victory
Egyptian Expedition or Second Anglo-Egyptian War		Urabi Rebels	June - July 1882	United States forces protect consulate from rebels and extinguish fires
Colombian Civil War		Colombian rebels	March 30-April 24, 1885	Colon destroyed, rebels retreat, American hostages released; Ambrose Light and Colombian rebels captured
Samoan Crisis or First Samoan Civil War		German Empire	1887–1889	Both squadrons wrecked
Pine Ridge Campaign or Ghost Dance War		Sioux	November 1890 – January 1891	United States victory
Bering Sea Anti-Poaching Operations		Bering Sea Poachers	June 22 - October 5, 1891	Suppression of seal poaching in the Bering Sea
Chilean Civil War		Chile	1891	United States Navy seizes Chilean ship; Breakdown of American and Chilean relations
Rio de Janeiro Affair		Brazilian Rebels	January 21–9, 1894	United States victory, objective completed
Second Samoan Civil War		Mataafans	1898–1899	Mataafan victory, Mata'afa Iosefo becomes high chief of Samoa; United States acquires American Samoa, Germany acquires German Samoa
Spanish-American War		Spain	April 25 – August 12, 1898	United States victory: Decisive United States victory Treaty of Paris Spain relinquishes sovereignty over Cuba, cedes the Philippine Islands, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the United States for the sum of $20 million
	Pacific Theater *Part of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	US victory
	Philippine Campaign *Part of the Pacific Theatre of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	Expulsion of the Spanish colonial government during Spanish-American War (1898)
	Guam Campaign *Part of the Pacific Theatre of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	United States victory: United States captures Guam
	Caribbean Theater *Part of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	US victory
	Cuban Campaign *Part of the Caribbean Theatre of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	US victory
	Puerto Rican Campaign *Part of the Caribbean Theatre of the Spanish-American War*	Spain	1898	Militarily inconclusive, Spain cedes Puerto Rico in accordance with the accords of the Treaty of Paris of 1898
Philippine Insurrection or Philippine–American War or Philippine War of Independence		First Philippine Republic Revolutionary forces Pulajanes	June 2, 1899 – July 4, 1902	United States victory and dissolution of the First Philippine Republic; The Philippines becomes an unincorporated territory of the United States
Moro Rebellion		Sultanate of Sulu Moro	1899–1913	United States victory
Boxer Rebellion or The Boxer Uprising		Righteous Harmony Society Qing Empire	September 28, 1899 - August 15, 1900	Alliance victory
Occupation of Nicaragua or Nicaraguan Campaign		Liberal rebels	1912–1933	United States victory
Mexican Revolution or Mexican Expedition or Pancho Villa Expedition		Mexico Yaqui	April 21, 1914 - June 16, 1919	Porfirio Diaz ousted from power and exiled in France, Convention of Aguascalientes between revolutionary leaders, Mexican Constitution of 1917 enacted, assassination of important revolutionary leaders Madero, Zapata and Carranza, founding of the National Revolutionary Party
Occupation of Haiti or Haitian Campaign or Caco War		Haiti Caco rebels	July 28, 1915 - August 1, 1934	United States victory, Cacos defeated, Haiti occupied.
Occupation of the Dominican Republic or Dominican Campaign		Dominican Republic	1916–1924	United States victory, Dominican Republic occupied.
World War I or First World War or Great War		Germany Austria-Hungary	1917–1918	Armistice with Germany November 11, 1918 Paris Peace Conference 1919 Treaty of Berlin (August 25, 1921) Treaty of Trianon (in part); Alliedvictory: End of the German, Russian, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarianempires Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East Transfer of German colonies and regions of the former Ottoman Empireto other powers Establishment of the League of Nations.
	European Theatre *Part of World War I*	Germany Austria-Hungary	1917–1918	Allied victory; Treaty of Versailles, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
	Western Front *Part of the European Theatre of World War I*	Germany Austria-Hungary	1917–1918	Allied victory. Collapse of the German Empire.
	Italian Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War I*	Germany Austria-Hungary	1917–1918	Allied victory; Treaty of Versailles
	Asian and Pacific Theatre *Part of World War I*	Germany	1917–1918	Allied victory; Treaty of Versailles
	First Battle of the Atlantic *Part of World War I*	Germany	1917–1918	Allied victory; Treaty of Versailles
Russian Civil War		Russia	1918–1920	Allied withdrawal from Russia
	North Russia Campaign *Part of the Russian Civil War*	Russia	1918–1920	Allied withdrawal
	Siberian Intervention *Part of the Russian Civil War*	Russia	1918–1920	Allied withdrawal
World War II or Second World War		Empire of Japan Nazi Germany Fascist Italy Italian Social Republic Bulgaria Hungary Romania	December 7, 1941 - September 2, 1945	Allied victory: Dissolution of the Third Reich Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as Superpowers Beginning of the Cold War
	Attack on Pearl Harbor Hawaii Operation or Operation AI Part of World War II	Empire of Japan	December 1941	Empire of Japan's Victory United States declaration of war on the Empire of Japan Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy declare war on the United States.
	Second Battle of the Atlantic *Part of World War II*	Germany Italy Vichy France	1941–1945	Decisive Allied victory
	Pacific War *Part of World War II*	Empire of Japan Manchukuo Wang Jingwei regime Second Philippine Republic Thailand Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind	1941–1945	Decisive Allied victory End of World War II: Fall of the Empire of Japan. Continuation of Chinese Civil War. Substantial weakening of European colonial powers, gradual decolonization of Asia (including the Indonesian National Revolution and the First Indochina War) American occupation of Japan, removal of all Japanese troops occupying parts of the Republic of China, retrocession of Taiwan to China, liberation of Korea and Manchuria from Japanese rule, division of Korea, secession of all Japanese-held islands in the Central Pacific Ocean, such as the Marianas Islands, the Marshall Islands, the Caroline Islands, and the Palau Islands to the United Nations, removal of all Japanese troops from the Australian-governed Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, the Admiralty Islands, and the Bismarck Archipelago, seizure of Sakhalin and of the Kuril Islands by the Soviet Union
	Burma Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan State of Burma Thailand Free India		Decisive Allied victory, leading to later Independence of Burma in 1948
	New Guinea Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan		Allied victory
	Aleutian Islands Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	June 3, 1942 – August 15, 1943	Allied victory
	Guadalcanal Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	August 7, 1942 – February 9, 1943	Strategic Allied victory
	Solomon Islands Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	January 1942 – August 21, 1945	Decisive Allied victory
	Gilbert and Marshall Islands Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	November, 1943 – February, 1944	Allied victory
	Mariana and Palau Islands Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	June – November, 1944	American victory
	Philippines Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan Second Philippine Republic	October 20, 1944–September 2, 1945	Allied victory; Allied forces liberate the Philippines
	Volcano and Ryukyu Islands Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	January – June, 1945	Allied victory
	Borneo Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	1 May - 1 August 1945	Allied victory; the Japanese are pushed further from Australia
	Japan Campaign *Part of the Pacific War of World War II*	Empire of Japan	16 February - 23 July 1945	Allied victory
	Mediterranean, Middle East and African Theatres *Part of World War II*	Germany Italy Vichy France Italian Social Republic	1941–1945	Allied victory
	Algeria-French Morocco Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Vichy France Germany (naval participation in Morocco)	8–16 November 1942	Allied victory
	Anzio Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Italian Social Republic	January 22, 1944 – June 4, 1944	Operation successful; VI Corps established beachhead; Battle of Anzio followed
	Egypt–Libya Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	1942–1943	Allied forces finally succeed in driving all Axis forces out of Libya
	Naples-Foggia Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Italy (to 8 September)	3 September 1943 – 16 September 1943	Allied victory
	North Apennines Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Italian Social Republic	25 August-17 December 1944	Inconclusive
	Po Valley Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Italian Social Republic	6 April 1945 – 2 May 1945	Decisive Allied victory: German surrender in Italy Italian Social Republic disestablished
	Rome-Arno Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	22 January 1944 - 9 September 1944	German resistance crumbled
	Sicily Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Italy Germany	9 July – 17 August 1943	Allied victory
	Southern France Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	15 August 1944 – 14 September 1944	Allied victory
	Tunisia Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Italy	17 November 1942 – 13 May 1943	Decisive Allied victory
	European Theatre *Part of World War II*	Germany Italy Vichy France Italian Social Republic Hungary	1942–1945	Decisive Allied victory: Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with Eastern Front) Fall of Fascist Italy Liberation of occupied countries in Western and Northern Europe Partition of Germany (1945)
	Normandy Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	6 June 1944 – mid-July 1944	Decisive Allied victory
	Northern France Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	6 June – 25 August 1944	Decisive Allied victory
	Rhineland Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	25 August 1944 – March 1945	Allied victory
	Ardennes-Alsace Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany	16 December 1944 – 28 January 1945	Allied victory
	Central Europe Campaign *Part of the European Theatre of World War II*	Germany Hungary	February 8, 1945 – May 8, 1945	Allied victory
Cold War		Soviet Union Yugoslavia Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Hungary Poland Romania East Germany Albania People's Republic of China North Korea Cuba North Vietnam Khmer Rouge Afghanistan Grenada	1947–1991	Dissolution of the USSR; United States becomes world's sole superpower^{[citation needed]}
	First Indochina War or French Indochina War *Part of the Cold War*	Democratic Republic of Vietnam Pathet Lao Khmer Issarak People's Republic of China Soviet Union	1950–1954	Geneva Conference Departure of the French from Indochina
	Korean War or Korean Conflict or The Forgotten War *Part of the Cold War*	Democratic People's Republic of Korea People's Republic of China Soviet Union Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Hungary Poland Romania	1950–1953	Cease-fire armistice, North Korean invasion of South Korea repelled, UN invasion of North Korea repelled, Chinese invasion of South Korea repelled, Korean Demilitarized Zone established, little territorial change at the 38th parallel border, essentially uti possidetis
	Second Indochina War or Vietnam War or Vietnam Conflict *Part of the Cold War*	Democratic Republic of Vietnam National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF) People's Republic of China Soviet Union	1953–1975	Decisive American defeat, Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina, Dissolution of South Vietnam, Communist governments take power in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos
	Laotian Civil War or Secret War *Part of the Second Indochina War of the Cold War*	Pathet Lao Democratic Republic of Vietnam	1953–1975	Establishment of the Lao People's Democratic Republic
1958 Lebanon crisis or Operation Blue Bat		Lebanese Rebels	July 15 - October 25, 1958	Opposition successfully intimidated
Bay of Pigs Invasion		Cuba	April 17–19, 1961	Cuban government victory
Cambodian Civil War *Part of the Second Indochina War of the Cold War*		National United Front of Kampuchea Khmer Rouge Democratic Republic of Vietnam National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF)	1970–1975	Fall of the Khmer Republic to the Khmer Rouge; creation of Democratic Kampuchea; Beginning of Cambodian Genocide
	Invasion of the Dominican Republic or Operation Power Pack *Part of the Cold War*	Dominican Republic Supported by: Cuba	April 28, 1965 – September 1966	United States victory, Juan Bosch excluded from Presidency, election of Joaquín Balaguer
	Invasion of Grenada or Operation Urgent Fury *Part of the Cold War*	Grenada Cuba	25 October – 15 December 1983	Decisive United States/CPF victory
Lebanese Civil War or Multinational Force in Lebanon		Shia militia Druze miltia Syria	August 24, 1982 - February 7, 1984	Withdrawal starting February 7
1981 Gulf of Sidra incident or First Gulf of Sidra Incident		Libya	August 19, 1981	US victory; Deterioration of Libya – United States relations
Action in the Gulf of Sidra or Operation Prairie Fire		Libya	March 1986	Tactical US victory
Bombing of Libya or Operation El Dorado Canyon		Libya	April 15, 1986	Tactical US victory
Iran-Iraq War or Operation Earnest Will or Tanker War		Iran	1987–1988	Operation Prime Chance, Operation Nimble Archer, Operation Praying Mantis; US victory
1989 Gulf of Sidra incident or Second Gulf of Sidra Incident		Libya	January 4, 1989	Both sides claimed victory; Deterioration of Libya – United States relations
Invasion of Panama or Operation Just Cause		Panama PDF	20 December 1989 – 12 January 1990	Decisive United States victory
Gulf War or Persian Gulf War or Operation Desert Storm		Iraq	August 2, 1990 – February 28, 1991	Coalitionvictory: Imposition of sanctions against Iraq Removal of Iraqi invasion force from Kuwait
Iraqi no-fly zones		Iraq	1991–2003	Operation Provide Comfort, Operation Southern Watch, Cruise missile strikes on Iraq (June 1993), Cruise missile strikes on Iraq (1996), Operation Northern Watch, Operation Desert Fox, Operation Southern Focus; Coalition victory
Somali Civil War or Operation Restore Hope		Various Somali factions	1992–1994	Multinational success
Bosnian War or Operation Deliberate Force		Republika Srpska	1993–1995	Dayton Accords
Operation Uphold Democracy		Haiti	19 September 1994 – 31 March 1995	Reinstatement of Jean-Bertrand Aristide as President of Haiti
Bombings of Afghanistan and Sudan or Operation Infinite Reach		Al-Qaeda Harkat-ul-Mujahideen National Islamic Front	August 20, 1998	Disputed
Kosovo War or Operation Allied Force or Operation Noble Anvil		Federal Republic of Yugoslavia	March 24 – June 10, 1999	Kumanovo Treaty, UN Security Council Resolution 1244; Reflagged as KFOR in 1999 in support of Operation Joint Guardian
War on Terror		Al-Qaeda Taliban Caucasian militants Al-Shabaab Islamic Courts Union Iraqi insurgents Hamas Hezbollah Baath Party Loyalists	7 October 2001 – present	Ongoing: Fall of the Talibangovernment in Afghanistan Destruction of Al-Qaedacamps Taliban insurgency Fall of the Ba'ath Partygovernment in Iraq Execution of Saddam Hussein Free elections Iraqi insurgency Killing of Osama bin Laden
	Operation Enduring Freedom *Part of the War on Terror*	In Afghanistan: Taliban al-Qaeda In the Philippines: Moro Islamic Liberation Front Abu Sayyaf Jemaah Islamiyah In Somalia: Al-Shabaab Hizbul Islam Somalia Pirates In Sahara: Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb	7 October 2001 – present	Conflicts ongoing; Taliban regime overthrown but their forces still fight ISAF and Afghan government forces Killing of Osama bin Laden
	Operation Enduring Freedom - Afghanistan or War in Afghanistan *Part of Operation Enduring Freedom of the War on Terror*	Insurgent groups: Taliban al-Qaeda IMU HI-Gulbuddin HI-Khalis Haqqani network Lashkar-e-Taiba JeM ETIM TTP IEW TNSM IJU 2001 Invasion: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan al-Qaeda	October 7, 2001 – present	Conflict ongoing: Invasion of Afghanistan Fall of the Taliban government Destruction of al-Qaeda camps Over two thirds of al-Qaeda's leadership demolished Occupation of Afghanistan Establishment of a new Afghan Government and Security Force Taliban insurgency War in North-West Pakistan Killing of Osama bin Laden
	Operation Enduring Freedom - Philippines or Operation Freedom Eagle *Part of Operation Enduring Freedom of the War on Terror*	Jemaah Islamiyah Abu Sayyaf Rajah Sulaiman Movement al-Qaeda	15 January 2002 – ongoing	Conflict ongoing
	Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa *Part of Operation Enduring Freedom of the War on Terror*	Insurgents: al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (Dis) Islamic Courts Union (Dis) Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahedeen Hizbul Islam (Dis) Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia Ras Kamboni Brigades Jabhatul Islamiya Mu'askar Anole al-Qaeda See: Somali Civil War' Pirates: Somali Pirates Somali Marines National Volunteer Coast Guard (NVCG) Marka group Puntland Group Yemeni Pirates	7 October 2002 – present	Conflict ongoing
	Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara *Part of Operation Enduring Freedom of the War on Terror*	al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb	6 February 2007 – ongoing	Conflict ongoing
	Operation Iraqi Freedom or Iraq War *Part of the War on Terror*	Insurgent groups: Baath Party Loyalists Islamic State of Iraq al-Qaeda in Iraq (2003–11) Mahdi Army Special Groups Islamic Army of Iraq Ansar al-Sunnah Iraq under Saddam Hussein	March 20, 2003 – December 15, 2011	Coalition combat operations concluded, low level internal conflict ongoing: Invasion of Iraq Overthrow of Baath Party government and execution of Saddam Hussein Coalition occupation of Iraq Iraqi insurgency and sectarian violence Subsequent depletion of Iraqi insurgency Improvements in public security Foreign terroristoperations Electionsheld Presence of American troops in advise and assist role until the end of 2011
	War in North-West Pakistan or Operation Freedom Eagle *Part of the War on Terror*	Taliban Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan TNSM Al-Qaeda Lashkar-e-Islam Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Ghazi Force	March 16, 2004 – ongoing	Conflict ongoing: Ongoing insurgency Large part of FATAunder Taliban control Shifting public support for the Pakistani government
	Yemeni al-Qaeda crackdown *Part of the War on Terror*	Islamic Emirate of Abyan al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahideen	January 14, 2010 - ongoing	Conflict ongoing
Second Liberian Civil War		Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy Movement for Democracy in Liberia	2003	US Forces withdraw in 2003 after UNMIL is established
2004 Haitian coup d'état		National Revolutionary Front for the Liberation of Haïti	2004	Aristide ousted; interim government installed
2011 Libyan civil war or Operation Odyssey Dawn		Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: Armed forces Militia Foreign mercenaries	March 19 - October 23, 2011	Death of Muammar Gaddafi US/Coalition Victory Dissolution of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

2011

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